
French1840–1926
Claude Monet
The leader and most constant champion of Impressionism. He painted outdoors to catch changing light, and later worked in series, returning to one motif at different hours and seasons, including the water garden at his home in Giverny.
A life in paintings
- 1840Born
- 1841Paint in tubes
The collapsible metal paint tube is patented, making it practical to paint outdoors.
- 1854Japan opens its ports
A treaty with the United States ends more than two centuries of Japanese seclusion. Within a few years Japanese prints are reaching the West, where their flat colour and bold cropping change how painters compose.
- 1867
- 1869Worked with Pierre-Auguste RenoirCroissy-sur-Seine
In summer 1869 Monet and Renoir, young and close friends, set up their easels side by side on the Seine west of Paris and painted almost the same views. They painted together again at Argenteuil in the 1870s.
Source: National Gallery - 1870Franco-Prussian War
War breaks out. Monet leaves for London, where he sees Turner’s paintings.
Was influenced by Joseph Mallord William TurnerLondonMonet spent 1870 and 1871 in London, away from the Franco-Prussian War, and saw Turner's paintings there. The Musée d'Orsay traces Turner's effects of light and mist through Monet's later work.
Source: Musée d'Orsay - 1872
- 1874The first Impressionist exhibition
A group of painters show their work independently of the Salon. A critic mocks them as ‘Impressionists’ and the name sticks.
Worked with Édouard ManetArgenteuilIn July and August 1874 Manet stayed at his family's house in Gennevilliers, just across the Seine from Monet at Argenteuil. The two saw each other often that summer, sometimes joined by Renoir, and Manet took up their lighter palette and painting out of doors.
Source: The Met - 1875
- 1876Was supported by Gustave CaillebotteParis
The wealthy Caillebotte bought Monet's paintings, helped fund the Impressionist exhibitions and even paid Monet's studio rent. His collection, left to the French state, opened at the Musée du Luxembourg in 1897 as the first Impressionist display in a French museum.
Source: Musée d'Orsay - 1877
- 1880
- 1885Worked with John Singer SargentGiverny
Sargent met Monet in Paris through his friend Paul Helleu. After visiting him at Giverny in 1885, Sargent began to paint out of doors in the Impressionist manner.
Source: Wikipedia - 1926Died
Circles
Exhibition · Paris · 1874
Impressionist exhibitions
The eight independent group shows, 1874-1886. Pissarro alone showed at all eight; Cassatt at four; Renoir 1874, 1876, 1877, 1882; Seurat and Signac only at the 8th (1886). Manet never exhibited with them.
- Alfred Sisley
- Camille Pissarro
- Edgar Degas
- Georges Seurat
- Gustave Caillebotte
- Mary Cassatt
- Paul Cézanne
- Paul Signac
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir




